“When Williams testified about institutional racism, she fired a direct shot at a historic foe.”The officers’ union fought the 1973 lawsuit to end discriminatory hiring practices. As far as the union was concerned, any lack of minority representation was the result of a lack of ability among the minorities themselves. ‘Our attornies (sic) are confident they can refute all charges,’ soon-to-be union president Bob Barry wrote in the June 1978 issue of the union newspaper.”